Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Intervention on Adults' Health Beliefs and Screening Behaviors Toward Colorectal Cancer

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Lecturer of Medical-Surgical Nursing Department - Lecturer of Family and Community Health Nursing - Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University – Egypt

2 Assistant Professor of Medical-Surgical Nursing

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is common, the presenting symptoms are non-specific, and
the stage of disease at diagnosis is closely related to survival. Regular screening reduces
morbidity and mortality from this disease. The Health Belief Model posits that individuals
are more likely to engage in preventive health behavior. Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of
nurse-led intervention on adults' health beliefs and screening behaviors toward colorectal
cancer. Design: A quasi experimental design. Setting: This study was conducted in
outpatients' clinics at Menoufia University hospital, Egypt. Sample: A purposive sample of
140 participants who were attended at pre-mentioned settings. Instruments: as following: I.
Structured interviewing questionnaire, II: colorectal cancer awareness questionnaire. III:
colorectal cancer Self-reported screening behavior questionnaire, IV: colorectal cancer
Knowledge questionnaire. V: Health beliefs model questionnaire. Results: the mean age of
the studied sample was 54.27± 7.271 and 52.129±6.324 for study and control groups
respectively. Regarding to risk factors assessment 55.7% of study group and 65.7% of the
control group has Low-fiber, protein-rich, and high fats in their diet. 80.0% of the study
group and 84.3% of control group had negative family history for CRC. There was statistical
improvement of total awareness score among study group (9.39±4.31) than those in control
group (5.02±2.93) at post-intervention. The mean total behavior scores were 7.93±2.11 and
5.28±3.28 for study and control group respectively at post-intervention. There were
statistical significance differences in total mean score of health belief model variables among
study group at post intervention in which p value = .000. Conclusion: Nurse led intervention
had positive impact on adult health beliefs, screening behaviors also improving their
knowledge and awareness regarding colorectal cancer. Recommendations: Designing
effective nursing strategies to address barriers of CRC screening and improve CRC
knowledge and awareness, which is critical to achieving greater screening compliance.

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