Effect of Open versus Closed Suction System on Cardiorespiratory Parameters and Suction Duration among Critically Ill Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Background: Tracheal suction is a procedure that is used to remove secretions and keep the
airways clear, however it has a number of side effects. Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate,
and oxygen saturation variations are some of the first problems of suctioning. This study was aimed
to compare the effects of open versus closed suction system on cardiorespiratory parameters and
suction duration among critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. comparative quasi-
experimental research design was carried out to meet the aim of this study. A purposive sample
included 60 critically ill adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation taken from general
intensive care in Aswan University Hospital. Patient assessment sheet was used for collecting data,
which included
two parts: bio-demographic data and an assessment sheet to monitor
cardiorespiratory
parameters as oxygen saturation, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure and
respiratory rates. Results: The mean duration of ICU stay and duration of suction for critically ill
adult patients in open and closed suctioning was 12.39 ± 11.74 and 5.10 ± 2.29, respectively (P
<0.031*), 15.41 ± 2.37 and 7.50 ± 2.50 seconds, respectively. The mean arterial blood pressure of
critically ill adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in open and closed suction system
methods. No significant differences were observed in the four consecutive measurements. The
closed suction system group have a higher mean Oxygen saturation than those in the open group < /div>
during suction and immediately after suction measurements (85.53 ± 8.94 vs. 94.03 ± 3.85 and
93.91 ± 5.78 vs. 97.67 ± 2.04 respectively). Conclusion: The implementation of the closed suction
system leads to decrease instabilities in the cardiorespiratory parameters compared to open suction
system among critical ill
adult patients under mechanical ventilation. Recommendation: More
research can be replicated
on larger sample, and Suction methods can be compared with acquired
infection in ICU..