Patients with Bronchial Asthma: Effect of Self Management Program on Knowledge, Practice, and Self Efficacy

Background: Bronchial asthma is a serious health problem worldwide ،it is a major
cause of patients' disability and in rare cases causes sudden death; asthma morbidity and
mortality are largely preventable when patients and their families are adequately educated
about the disease and have access to high quality of care. Aim: This study aimed to develop ،
implement and evaluates the effect of self-management program on knowledge ،practice and
self-efficacy for patients' with bronchial asthma. The research hypotheses were that
implementation of self management program will improve the knowledge ،practice and self
efficacy. Methods: Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used with pre-post
and follow up assessment of outcome ،It involve four steps; pre self management program
assessment ،self management implementation ،post ،and follow up assessment. The study
was conducted at Chest Outpatient Clinic at El Kaser Al-Eini Hospital ،started April 2013
and was completed by October ،2013. Sample: The study was carried on (130) a purposive
sample of asthmatic adult patients with bronchial asthma based on selected criteria. Tools:
Four tools were used for data collection ،1) Patients' Socio-demographic Characteristics and
Clinical Data Sheet ،2) Arabic questionnaire for patient' knowledge ،3) Checklist to assess
patients practices ،4) Self Efficacy Scale ، Results: The study revealed that there were a
statistically positive significant difference between total knowledge ،total practice ،and total
self-efficacy pre/post and follow up self-management program. Conclusion: The study
concluded that the studied patients have a higher mean knowledge, practice, and self efficacy
scores post self management program. The study recommended further study have to be
carried out in order to assess the effectiveness self management program on patients'
adherence to the prescribed therapeutic management.