Effect of Teaching Package on Fatigue Level and Self-Efficacy among Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases

Background: Coronary artery disease represents the primary cause of mortality in developed nations. It is associated with feelings of fatigue and diminished self-efficacy. For individuals suffering from cardiovascular disease, self-efficacy serves as an essential and adjustable personal asset that influences adherence to rehabilitation and overall disease outcomes, including quality of life related to health. A key aspect of managing patients with coronary artery disease is education, which is a responsibility of the nursing profession. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the teaching package on fatigue level and self-efficacy among patients with coronary artery disease. Subjects and method: Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used to achieve the aim of the current study. Setting: The study was conducted in the cardiology unit and outpatient clinics at Sohag University Hospital—subjects: A convenient sample of 100 adult patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Participants were equally allocated to an intervention and a control group, 50 patients for each one. Tools for data collection: Tool (1) a structured interviewing questionnaire, Tool (2) Fatigue assessment scale, Tool (3) cardiac self-efficacy scale, and Tool (4) cardiac exercise self-efficacy scale. Results: The findings of the study indicated that a significant proportion of patients in the study group demonstrated adequate knowledge levels, along with elevated cardiac self-efficacy and exercise self-efficacy following the implementation of the teaching package. The average self-efficacy score in the intervention group showed a notable increase at both measurement intervals, whereas the control group exhibited no significant changes. Furthermore, statistically significant differences and reductions were observed in the fatigue mean scores after the teaching package was implemented. In conclusion, the implementation of the teaching package had a markedly positive impact on reducing fatigue levels and enhancing self-efficacy among patients with coronary artery disease. It is recommended that the teaching package related to coronary artery disease be conducted, discussed, and integrated into rehabilitation programs, utilizing booklets and illustrated pamphlets to enhance patient knowledge and alleviate fatigue. Additionally, it is essential to replicate this study with a larger cohort of patients with coronary artery disease in various settings to validate the findings.