Mandibular Fractures: A Five Year Retrospective Review

Background: Mandibular fractures are among the most common maxillofacial injuries, often resulting from road traffic accidents (RTAs), assaults, falls, and sports-related incidents (SRIs). Aim: This retrospective study examined the relationship between demographic and etiological factors associated with mandibular fractures. Materials and Methods: Records of patients with maxillofacial trauma treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Fahad Hospital, Albaha Province, KSA, from January 2020 to December 2024 were reviewed. Results: Of 238 trauma patients, 90 (37.8%) sustained mandibular fractures involving 155 fracture sites. The majority were male (n=83), with a male-to-female ratio of 12:1. RTAs were the predominant cause, followed by falls, sports injuries, and assaults. Among females, RTAs also predominated (72.7%), followed by assaults and falls (7.2%). Conclusion: Mandibular fractures in Albaha Province are strongly linked to RTAs, with males disproportionately affected. These findings highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies, particularly road safety measures, and provide clinicians with insights that may guide diagnosis and management when patient histories are limited.