Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Assistant professor, Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Damanhour University, Egypt
2
Assistant professor, Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Egypt
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 prevention depends mainly on how people modify their behavior to comply with the appropriate precautionary measures recommended by health authorities all over the world as maintain social distance, maintain hygienic practice, wearing mask properly and follow the quarantine activities. Unfortunately, the compliance level varies widely between people within and across countries. The Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior model (COM-B) evidently provides a convenient theoretical framework for understanding the stimuli of any behaviors in depth. The Aim of study: to assess COVID-19 related behavior modification and anxiety among Egyptian adults. Study Design: A cross sectional exploratory survey research design was used. It was conducted between first of May till the end of June 2020. Study Subjects: 512 Egyptian residents with minimum age of 18 years old and had the accessibility to internet from reached Egyptian Governorates (16 governorates were reached Alexandria, Cairo, Giza, behyira, Monufia, Kafr el sheikh, Matrouh, Daqhlyia, Qalyubia, Gharbia, Fayoum, Ismailia, Asyut ,Red Sea, Minya, Damietta). Tool: An online questionnaire distributed through Google form portal including three sections was used to collect required data. Results: 69.3% of the respondents were females with mean age of 33.7±9.8, the majority of them were either university or post graduate holders. All the three COM-B components significantly predict appropriate precautionary measures among Egyptian adults with the capability having the greatest influence on their behavior followed by motivation and opportunity domains. Nearly half of the respondents had anxiety related to COVID-19. Significant relations were found between anxiety level, capabilities, motivation and opportunities with age and participant who has family member less than 18 year. Conclusion: the mean %of capability domains was the higher followed by motivational domain. The opportunity domain considered an important barrier for the respondents in complying preventive measures. Half of the respondents had moderate level of anxiety related to COVID 19 pandemic. Recommendations: Implementation of effective and tailored health education programs aimed at improving COVID-19 self-actualization and preventive and behavioral program to enhance Coping with anxiety in a healthy way available in the organizational system.
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